| Title |
Review on Adhesion Strength between Coatings and Substrates : Influencing Factors, Adhesion Mechanisms,
and Evaluation Methods |
| Authors |
조영래(Young-Rae Cho) ; 이동휘(Dong-Hwi Lee) ; 문성용(Sung-Yong Mun) ; 김민중(Min Joong Kim) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.3365/KJMM.2025.63.12.1012 |
| ISSN |
1738-8228(ISSN), 2288-8241(eISSN) |
| Keywords |
Adhesion strength; Interface; Coating; Adhesive; Evaluation; Delamination |
| Abstract |
Adhesion strength between coatings and substrates is a fundamental property. It determines the
reliability, durability, and performance of coated materials in engineering applications. Coating technologies
are widely used in semiconductors, displays, automotive, energy, and biomedical industries. However, there is
still no universally accepted method to evaluate adhesion strength. This review examines the key factors that
influence adhesion, such as surface energy, contact angle, interfacial chemistry, and microstructure. It also
classifies adhesion mechanisms into mechanical interlocking, interdiffusion, and compound layer formation.
Evaluation methods are critically compared. Adhesive-based tests, such as lap shear, pull-off, and tensile
adhesion, are standardized by ASTM and ISO. They provide quantitative values but are limited by the strength
of the adhesive itself. In contrast, adhesive-free methods, including scratch, indentation, and peel tests, can
directly reveal interfacial failure modes, but their outcomes are markedly influenced by test parameters and
specimen preparation. Consequently, no single method can comprehensively characterize adhesion strength.
Therefore, a complementary approach using multiple methods is recommended. Reliable evaluation also
requires careful specimen preparation, strict compliance with standards, and the use of auxiliary diagnostics
such as acoustic emission and microscopy. This review provides researchers and engineers with a clear
framework for standardized and reliable evaluation of adhesion strength between coatings and substrates. |